Bosch IMSA Prototype Classes Scrutineering System Instruction Manual

IMSA Prototype Classes Scrutineering System
Manual

Scope

This document contains application notes on the installation and operation of the IMSA Prototype Classes Scrutineering System.

Contact

For technical information please contact:
Max Houck

Tel: +1-248-308-7689Or
Aaron Pfeifer

Tel: +1-248-533-8157

2.1 Sales
Sales will be performed through Bosch Motorsports using the included order form. Contact Bosch Motorsport for purchasing information via the contacts above.
2.1.1 Track Sales
Customers requiring spare parts purchased and delivered at the racetrack are subject to a 10% service fee.

Components

3.1 LMP2 Architecture
LMP2 classification cars will not utilize the LT4 and LSU 4.9 lambda sensors or any engine sensor, at this time. The chassis loom of the LMP2 cars must include wiring for these components. The engine room is not required to include provisions for these components in LMP2 cars.
3.2 Electronic Hardware
Component List:

* Denotes component available from IMSA or other spec suppliers
** Denotes components supplied by the team

3.2.1 DDU9

Functional Description: Logger and Marshalling Display for IMSA Prototype Class Scrutineering System
Mounting Note:

• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location. This device must be mounted away from heat sources. Note maximum temperature range below.
• This device should be mounted so that the display can be easily seen by the driver while on course.
• This device should be mounted to sustain vibrations within the Vibration Profile 1 defined in the appendix.

Brightness Control: Brightness must be commanded via CAN by a  value of 1-6, message details found in the DBC.
Part Number: F02U.V0U.249-01
Temperature Range: -20 to 70 °C
Recommended Inspection: 2 years or 220 hours

3.2.2 PBX90

Functional Description: Powerbox for IMSA Prototype Class Scrutineering System
Mounting Note:

• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.This device must be mounted away from heat sources. Note maximum temperature range below.
• This device should be mounted so that the device can be easily accessed.

Part Number: F02U.V01.794-056
Temperature Range: –20 to 85 °C
Recommended Inspection: 2 years or 220 hours

3.2.3 IMU – MM5.10

Functional Description: 5 axis inertial measurement unit
Mounting Note:

• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.
• Use of the mounting bracket is required.
• Device to be mounted with connector receptacle facing to the back of the vehicle as shown in Section 0 “Scope” and product sticker facing vertically ‘up’. Mounting plate to be aligned within +/-0.5° of vehicle axes.

Part Number: F02U.V01.511-02
Mounting Bracket Part Number: 1271.032.390
Temperature Range: -20 to 85 °C

3.2.4 LT4 (DPi Only)
Functional Description: 4 channel lambda sensor controller
Mounting Note:
• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location. This device should be mounted to sustain vibrations within the Vibration Profile 1 defined in the appendix.
Part Number: F01T.A20.070-09
Temperature Range: -20 to 85 °C
Recommended Inspection: 2 years or 220 hours

3.2.5 GPS

Functional Description: 10 Hz GPS unit
Mounting Note:
• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location. This device must be fitted with at least 250mm separation from all other antennas.
Part Number: F02U.V0U.203-01 OR F02U.V0U.268-01

3.2.6 USB Stick

Functional Description: IMSA Scrutineering USB Stick
Mounting Note:
• Device must be mounted in a labeled location near the IMSA Diagnostic port in a plainly visible location. An example is shown below (label not visible).

Temperature Range: -40 to 85 °C
Removal Note: To remove the USB stick from the connector the collar at the connector end of the USB stick must be pulled away from the connector. Do not pull on the main body to remove.

USB Stick Possession: IMSA will distribute and collect USB Sticks at every race, teams will not receive sticks with scrutineering components nor are they required to purchase these separately.

3.2.7 X2 Transponders

Functional Description: CAN based transponder for IMSA Prototype Class Scrutineering System
Mounting Note:
• Each car will carry two X2 Transponders.
Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.
Temperature Range: 0 to 60 °C

3.2.8 Leaderlight Panels

Functional Description: Leaderlight panels
Mounting Note:
• This device(s) must be fitted securely.
• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.

3.2.9 Pro/Am Light

Functional Description: Pro/Am driver light indicator
Mounting Note:
• This device must be mounted away from heat sources.
Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location. Harness Pinout:

3.2.10 Delphi Yellow Light System

Functional Description: Delphi yellow light track condition light system
Mounting Note:
• This device must be mounted in a dry location using IMSA supplied AntiVibration Plate in the IMSA specified location.
Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.

3.3 Sensors
This section declares sensors that must be directly connected to the IMSA scrutineering system. IMSA will define the required engine sensors and locations for each engine application. These signals will be fed back to the teams via CAN. For all sensors refer to IMSA Scrutineering System homologation documentation for installation and mounting location with numbering referring to the fed engine bank.
All Prototype cars must run:

• Cockpit temperature
• Pitot tube
• Laser Ride Height sensors (if used)

In addition, DPi cars must run:

• Engine Sensors
  o Intercooler Upstream temperature(s) (Turbo only)
  o Plenum pressure(s) (NA only)
  o Plenum temperature(s) (NA only)
  o Inlet Port pressure(s) (NA only)
  o Boost pressure(s) (Turbo only)
  o Inlet Port temperature(s)
  o Restrictor Throat pressure(s) (NA only)
  o Lambda(s)
  o Fuel flow meter
  o Engine speed sensor

Sensors must be installed in an IMSA approved location as identified in Scrutineering System homologation documentation with numbering referring to the fed engine bank.

3.3.1 1 Bar Pressure

Functional Description: Air pressure sensor
Use Case:
• Plenum Pressure (NA engines):
• Inlet Port (NA engines):
• Restrictor Throat Pressure (NA engines):
Part Number: F02U.V0U.267-01
Pressure Range: 0.1 – 1.15 bar
Temperature Range: -40 to 125°C

3.3.2 3.5 Bar Boost Pressure
Functional Description: Boost pressure sensor
Use Case:
• Boost Pressure (Turbo engines):
Part Number: F02U.V0U.205-01
Pressure Range: 0.5 – 3.5 bar

3.3.3 Pitot Tube
Functional Description: Temperature and pressure sensor
Use Case:

• Dynamic Conditions:
  o, Measure dynamic conditions of air flowing over the car.
• Mounting Note:
  o Pitot sensor must be mounted in the IMSA homologated position.
  No other pitot tubes are permitted on the car.
  Part Number: F02U.V0U.264-01

3.3.4 Laser Ride Height

Functional Description: Dynamic ride height measurement
Use Case:
• Ride Height:
o, Measure dynamic ride height of the car in multiple locations.
o Each manufacturer may select a sensor to be approved by IMSA.
• Mounting Note:
o Ride height sensors must be mounted in the IMSA homologated position connected to the scrutineering system if run. No other ride height sensors are permitted on the car.
• Harness Pinout:

3.3.5 Temp Sensor
Functional Description: Temperature sensor
Use Case:

• Plenum Temperature (NA engines)
• Intercooler Upstream Temperature (Turbo engines)
• Inlet Port Temperature
• Cockpit Temperature
  Part Number: F02U.V02.356-01
  Temperature Range: -55 to 300 °C
  Thread: M6 x 1
  Installation Torque: 8 Nm

3.3.6 LSU 4.9 Lambda Sensor

Functional Description: Exhaust gas lambda sensor
Use Case:
• See Appendix for required sensor mounting information.
• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.
• One sensor per cylinder bank is required.

Part Number: 0258.988.001
Thread: M18 x 1.5
Installation Torque: 40 to 60 Nm

3.3.7 Engine Speed Sensor

Functional Description: Hall effect speed sensor
Use Case:
• Each manufacturer may select a sensor to be approved by IMSA.
• Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.
Missing/extra tooth configurations are NOT supported
Recommendation:
• Bosch P/N: HA-N F.02U.V0U.714-01
• 20 teeth symmetrical wheel, no missing teeth
Trigger Wheel Requirements (for HA-N above):

• Diameter ≥ 80mm
• Slot Width ≥10mm
• Tooth Width ≥ 5mm
• Height of tooth ≥5mm
• Thickness≥8mm

Harness Pinout:

3.3.8 Fuel Flow Meter

Functional Description: CAN based fuel flow meter for IMSA Prototype Class Scrutineering System
Mounting Note:
Refer to Scrutineering Homologation Forms for mounting location.
Temperature Range: 0 to 85 °C

3.4 Sensor Declaration Form
Prior to each event weekend, a Sensor Declaration Form must be submitted via the IWSC regulations.
3.5 Component Seals
All Scrutineering system primary components (DDU9, PBX90, and LT4) units must have an IMSA Scrutineering Seal. Each device ordered through Bosch Motorsport NA  using the attached order form will be delivered with the seal in place. This seal is not to be removed or transferred.

System Architecture

4.1 Team CAN
4.1.1 Team Connector
The pinout of the Team Connector is shown in the table. No changes are allowed to this arrangement. Termination of the CAN busses must be done in the car’s loom as depicted in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3.
Team Harness Connector: AS(0/1)08-35SN
Scrutineering Harness Connector:

4.1.2 Team CAN 1

4.1.3 Team CAN 2

NOTE:

• One termination resistor will be built into the scrutineering loom. The other termination resistor must be present in the team wiring of the CAN connection, external of the scrutineering loom.
• CAN buses must be laid out in a linear fashion, with a termination resistor (120 ohms) at each physical end of the bus.

4.1.4 Driver ID
The Driver ID will be an input on the same connector as the team CAN connections.
The Driver ID signal will be controlled by a different resistance value for each driver.
The resistor will go between the two pins for Driver ID with nothing else in the circuit. The Driver ID and resistor value pairings are in the table below:

4.2 Power Supply

All power supplied should be at least 11.0V and below 15.0V.
The following notations for power signals are used:

• KL 30 is the main relay switched battery positive rail. KL 30 must go directly to the car master relay. It may not be connected through a power box or other device.
• KL 31 is an un-switched ground rail (same as battery negative terminal)

4.3 Harness
The scrutineering system harness has two major parts. The major pieces are the engine harness and the chassis harness. These two meet with a bulkhead connector located at the rear of the cockpit. The engine harness has an optional connector, if used the smaller rear portion must be certified. An example layout is shown in section 7. This layout may be deviated from; however, the components must remain on the same harness and use the same connector. Contact an approved harness builder for more information and specifics for individual applications.
All harness pieces must be certified individually and marked as such by a Bosch Motorsport-approved dealer. Harnesses must be purchased through a Bosch Motorsport-approved builder.
Initial harness builds may have extended lead times of 4-6 weeks or longer. Teams and manufacturers are responsible for ensuring their harnesses are ordered with time to be built for the first event it is to be used.

Approved builders:

DC Electronics

Address: 119 Poplar Pointe Drive
Mooresville, NC 28117

Phone: 704-230-4649
Email:

Sakata Motorsports Electronics, Inc.

Address: 1241 N. Patt ST.
Anaheim, CA 92801

Phone: 714-446-9473
Email:

Loom Certification

All scrutineering looms will come certified and serialized from the builder. IMAGE reserves the right to require an additional HiPot inspection at any time.
The engine or chassis loom pieces may be certified individually without the presence of the rest of the harness components. If a loom has additional connectors all components of the loom including all connectors shown in the layout must be supplied for certification. The cost of additional inspections or recertification is $200 per loom.

CAN Specification

There are two IMSA CAN interfaces that may be used for communication, on these buses the team is required to send the “Team Transmitted Channels”.
Teams will be responsible for informing IMSA and Bosch which buses will be used for ECU and team communications. These messages may be on the same bus.
CAN Buses:
The CAN buses will be used to transfer vital information between the team and the Scrutineering System. The buses are required to be 1 Mbit and conform to CAN 2.0B specifications.

6.1 Team Transmitted Channels

6.2 Team Received Channels

* Denotes DPi only
**Denotes turbocharged DPi only

6.3 Message Bus  
Manufacturers may specify which bus (ECU or team) the team transmitted messages are received on.
6.4 DBC file
A DBC file for the transmitted and received channels is available at IMSA.com and bosch-motorsport.com.

Display Pages

There are two pages on the display. A mechanic page used for IMSA safety checks and sensor installation verification is displayed when the vehicle is stationary. A driver page with alarms and information for the driver is shown while the vehicle is moving.

7.1 Driver Page
7.1.1 Standard
While on track the DDU9 display will look as shown below. The laptime shown is calculated internally by the DDU9 and is not the timing and scoring lap time.

7.1.2 Alerts
A series of alerts are set to show on the screen based on scrutineering system status and race control messages. If the Driver ID is changed a banner will appear for a short amount of time showing the new Driver ID based on the resistor connected.

If no resistor is present for the Driver ID, a banner will appear as shown below. This banner will appear until a resistor is connected.

Rainlight On will appear and the outside LED lights to turn on blue if the Rainlight should be on as indicated by Race Control.

A Red Flag block will appear and the LED lights turn on red in the case of a Red Flag as indicated by Race Control. The lights and message will be solid until the track condition is no longer red and the car is moving on the track.

Under full course yellow track conditions the LED lights will alternate blinking yellow and off and a message will be displayed on the screen. The yellow condition is triggered by the Delphi Box and will turn off when the track condition is no longer yellow.

7.2 Mechanic Page
Below is an example of a Mechanic Page. Included on the display while the car is stationary are the values of select scrutineering system sensors for installation verification. Yellow, red, rain light and driver ID change functionality will work as well.

Vibration Profile 1

Broadband noise: 8h/direction

Sine: 8h/direction

Motorsport

IMSA Prototype Class Scrutineering System
Order Form – 2021

 

Notes
To order parts please fill out this order form and create a Purchase Order matching your order and send both to Aaron Pfeifer: Aaron..
All orders submitted are subject to the Bosch Motorsport terms and conditions.
All prices are in USD and are valid until 12/31/2021.
Unless the customer has credit terms established with Bosch, all orders will require payment before parts will be shipped. All rental kits will be paid in advance.
The customer is responsible for all shipping costs.
For sales/deliveries at the track, there is a 10% service charge

Robert Bosch LLC – Bosch Engineering North America
Motorsport Sales Terms & Conditions
Version: January 20, 2020

 

1. GENERAL. THE SALE OF COMPONENTS, PARTS, OR A SYSTEM INTENDED FOR SERIES PRODUCTION (“SERIAL PRODUCTION PRODUCTS” OR  “PRODUCTS”), ALL SAMPLES, PROTOTYPES, NON-PRODUCTION PRODUCTS, AND COMPONENTS (INCLUDING SOFTWARE CONTAINED  THEREIN) NOT APPROVED FOR SERIES PRODUCTION OR THAT ARE INTENDED FOR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY (“PROTOTYPES”),  AND/OR DESIGN AND ENGINEERING OR SIMILAR SERVICES (“SERVICES”) PROVIDED BY ROBERT BOSCH LLC, THROUGH ITS BOSCH  ENGINEERING NORTH AMERICA DIVISION (“BOSCH”) TO THE CUSTOMER (“CUSTOMER”) (EACH A “PARTY” AND COLLECTIVELY REFERRED TO AS “PARTIES”) IS EXPRESSLY LIMITED TO CUSTOMER’S ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS OF BOSCH’S OFFER (ALSO REFERRED TO AS THE  “QUOTATION”) AND THESE BOSCH TERMS, EXCLUDING MODIFICATIONS TO THESE BOSCH TERMS SET FORTH IN THE APPLICABLE BOSCH  QUOTATION. NO MODIFICATION OR WAIVER OF ANY OF THESE BOSCH TERMS AND NO ADDITIONAL OR DIFFERENT TERMS OR  CONDITIONS WILL BE EFFECTIVE UNLESS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN BOSCH’S QUOTATION OR AGREED TO IN WRITING SIGNED BY BOSCH.  NO ORAL AGREEMENT, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, OR OTHER MEANS WILL BE DEEMED TO WAIVE THESE BOSCH TERMS OR ANY OF THE  TERMS OF THE QUOTATION. THE CUSTOMER’S ACCEPTANCE OF THE PRODUCTS, PROTOTYPES, AND/OR SERVICES SOLD HEREUNDER WILL  CONSTITUTE THE CUSTOMER’S ACCEPTANCE OF THE BOSCH QUOTATION AND BOSCH TERMS.

2. SCOPE. CUSTOMER acknowledges that Serial Production Products, whether or not modified, are not designed to meet the requirements and demands of motorsport racing.
   CUSTOMER acknowledges that modified Serial Production Products and CUSTOMER specified Products cannot be tested to the same degree as Serial Production  Products and that production of such modified Serial Production Products or CUSTOMER specified Products does not follow the testing and validation standards applicable to Serial Production Products. CUSTOMER acknowledges that the use of the Products in motorsport racing applications will lead to early wear and that modified Serial Production Products or CUSTOMER specified products are produced with a focus on race performance and not on endurance. The terms of Sections 1 to  2 above apply irrespective of the CUSTOMER’s application of the Products.

3. USE OF THE PRODUCTS. The Products are provided solely for use by (i) racing professionals and CUSTOMER warrants and represent that it possesses the appropriate engineering and professional racing experience to use the Products for motorsport racing and (ii) research institutions trained by professionals. CUSTOMER  acknowledges that the use of the Products may be dangerous and that the Products shall not be used in any consumer application. CUSTOMER shall use the Products: (I)  only for motorsport racing purposes; (ii) only through engineers and mechanics who are trained and experienced in motorsport racing; (iii) only in vehicles, which are suitable for use in motorsport racing; (iv) only in such suitable vehicles that are operated by trained, professional motorsport race drivers; and (ii) research purposes by trained professionals. CUSTOMER shall not use, nor permit any other party to use, the Products in any vehicle operated on the public roads, or in connection with any consumer application. BOSCH shall not be liable for any use of the Products on public roads. Should a Product be used on public roads or in connection with any consumer application, all Product warranties are void.

4. PRICES; TAXES; CURRENCY. All prices are subject to the shipping terms defined in Section 6 below. Bosch reserves the right to adjust prices due to cost increases resulting from variations in labor rates, material costs, or other costs (including but not limited to variations related to tariffs). To the extent the Products contain raw materials, raw material fluctuations will be reviewed on a quarterly basis. Actual material price increases of 5% or more will be paid in a lump sum by the CUSTOMER. The prices are exclusive of any applicable Federal, State, Provincial, or local sales, use, and other similar taxes or assessments. Such taxes and assessments will be included in Bosch’s invoice and paid by the CUSTOMER. CUSTOMER shall be solely responsible for its tax administration and tax liability based upon governing Federal, State, and local laws that relate to these BOSCH Terms. All prices are subject to adjustment, at any time, by Bosch for changes in volume forecasts, economics, or exchange rates as applicable. To the extent CUSTOMER’s actual purchases fall short of the volume forecasts upon which the prices were based, any price adjustments by Bosch will be retroactive. Prices are per piece in U.S. Dollars or EUR. All North American CUSTOMER facilities will be invoiced in U.S. Dollars. Each payment by CUSTOMER is subject to the terms of Section 8 below and will be made without withholding any taxes unless required by law. CUSTOMER shall inform Bosch of any withholding tax obligation on payments due to Bosch under an invoice as soon as CUSTOMER becomes aware of such withholding tax obligation. If Bosch believes that it is eligible for exemption from, or reduction of, any U.S. withholding tax (or other withholding or similar tax of one or more other jurisdictions), Bosch will deliver to CUSTOMER a completed, duly executed IRS Form W-9 or Form W-8 (or another appropriate form of such other jurisdiction(s) as required under the laws of such other jurisdiction) valid through the date of payment. In such an event, the CUSTOMER shall promptly deliver to Bosch a certificate evidencing the payment of any tax actually withheld.
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9. WARRANTY
   9.1 Unless specified otherwise in BOSCH’s quotation BOSCH warrants that, upon delivery, the Products will be free of defects in material and workmanship. BOSCH’s warranty covers only defects, that existed at the time of delivery. The foregoing warranty: (i) is personal to CUSTOMER and does not extend to any subsequent owner of the Products; and (ii) does not cover defects that occur due to the use in a motorsport environment.
   9.2 CUSTOMER acknowledges that the Products are designed for race performance, with reduced durability and stability, and that the extreme wear inherent in a racing environment may result in Product malfunction which will not be covered by the limited warranty set forth above.
   9.3 BOSCH does not warrant that modified Serial Production Products or CUSTOMER specified Products will display the features or operational performance requested or expected by CUSTOMER.
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    10.2 CUSTOMER acknowledges that Prototypes are intended only for use in evaluation and testing in a suitable and safe evaluation and testing environment and by suitably trained and qualified persons. CUSTOMER shall ensure safe operating conditions for all evaluation and testing purposes at all times during the evaluation and testing. CUSTOMER warrants that no vehicles containing any Prototypes will be driven on public roads, unless and until CUSTOMER and Bosch agree in writing. CUSTOMER shall only use the Prototypes in accordance with written instructions from Bosch. Any use or application of Prototypes, which deviates from written instructions from Bosch, will be considered an impermissible use in breach of these BOSCH Terms. Any use, testing, or evaluation of the Prototypes outside the scope of this Section 10.2 or as agreed in writing between the parties shall be at CUSTOMER’s sole risk.
11. TERMINATION/CANCELLATION.
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    11.2 In the event that CUSTOMER cancels the program after business award but before the agreed-upon end of program duration, CUSTOMER shall reimburse Bosch for reasonable cancellation charges for unrecoverable costs and investments, including without limitation capital equipment, finished Products, cost of all work in process, Bosch paid tooling or licenses (including software licenses and maintenance agreements), engineering costs, application costs, development services, samples, and material obsolescence. CUSTOMER shall pay such cancellation charges in accordance with Section 8.
12. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY/SOFTWARE.
    12.1 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. As between Bosch and CUSTOMER, Bosch exclusively owns and shall retain exclusive ownership of all right, title, and interest, including all worldwide patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret, and other intellectual property and proprietary rights (collectively, “Intellectual Property Rights”) in and related to (a) the Products; (b) the Prototypes; (c) the Services; and (d) all other ideas, inventions (whether patentable or not), concepts, designs, methods, processes, software (including source code and object code), data, and works of authorship authored, developed, or conceived by Bosch in connection with the Products, Prototypes, or Services, along with all software, functions, and related documentation provided by Bosch or any division or affiliate thereof. Bosch reserves the right to brand, mark, or label the Products, Services, and Prototypes and accompanying packaging with Bosch trademarks. Products or Services delivered from Bosch to the independent aftermarket will bear the Bosch trademarks only.
    12.2 THIRD-PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INDEMNIFICATION. Bosch shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless CUSTOMER against all final judgments of infringement in the United States of the Intellectual Property Rights of any third party registered and published in the United States (specifically excluding claims of infringement of any affiliate of CUSTOMER) and resulting direct damages and expenses (including reasonable attorney’s fees) arising out of use of any Product or Service as delivered by Bosch, provided Bosch shall have no liability and shall not indemnify, defend, or hold harmless CUSTOMER for or against any claim arising from (i) CUSTOMER’s gross negligence or willful or intentional acts or omissions; or (ii) any modification or alteration of any Products or Services, unless prior written authorization for such modification or alteration is provided by Bosch in writing; or (iii) use of the Products or Services in combination with any other equipment, software, products or services not supplied by Bosch and the use of such combination was not authorized by Bosch; or (iv) CUSTOMER’s designs, specifications, requirements, or instructions; or (v) the application or use of any Products or Services which fails to comply with the specification or other written instruction from Bosch; or (vi) the implementation of Standardized Technologies, to the extent the indemnification obligation stems from the Standardized Technologies or implementation related thereto (as used herein “Standardized Technologies” means technical specifications or functions (x) adopted by a standards organization (e.g., ETSI or IEEE), (y) defined by research institutes, industrial companies, or market participants to ensure technical conformity or compatibility, or (z) established by common practice in a particular field). For the sake of clarity, no indemnification or warranty is provided for Prototypes.
    12.3 Bosch shall be entitled, at its discretion, to (i) obtain a right of use for a Product or Service alleged to infringe an Intellectual Property Right, (ii) to modify the Product or Service so that it no longer infringes the Intellectual Property Right, or (iii) to replace the Product or Service with an equivalent substitute that no longer infringes the Intellectual Property Right. Bosch reserves the right to carry out the actions of (i)(iii) in the sentence above at its disposal even if the infringement of the Intellectual Property Right has not been ruled on by a court of law with res judicata effect or acknowledged by Bosch. If Bosch determines that options (i), (ii), or (iii) are not reasonably available, Bosch shall be considered to have fulfilled its obligations under this Section 12 by returning the fees paid by CUSTOMER for Products or Services which are subject to the infringement claim.
    12.4 INDEMNIFICATION FROM CUSTOMER. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and subject to the conditions applicable to claims by CUSTOMER against Bosch under Section 12.2, CUSTOMER shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Bosch, its affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, employees, successors, and assigns for all claims, liabilities, damages, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorney fees) asserted by a third party (specifically excluding any affiliate of Bosch) and incurred by Bosch in connection with such claims (including lawsuits, administrative claims, regulatory actions, and other proceedings to recover for personal injury or death, property damage, or economic losses) to the extent caused by: (i) CUSTOMER’s or Bosch’s infringement or misappropriation of any Intellectual Property Rights of any third party caused by (a) CUSTOMER’s technology, products, or services, or Bosch’s use thereof in accordance with these BOSCH Terms or any applicable Quotation, or (b) any modification or alteration of any Products or Services by CUSTOMER, unless prior written authorization for such modification or alteration is provided by Bosch in writing; or (ii) bodily injury or property damage resulting from CUSTOMER’s integration of the Products or Services into vehicle systems or other components within the vehicle system in a manner that is not approved by Bosch or in compliance with all applicable laws; or (iii) any grossly negligent act or omission of CUSTOMER or any of its employees or agents; or (iv) CUSTOMER’s failure to comply with representa